Kerberoasting; KRB_AS_REP Roasting; Pass-the-Hash; OverPass-the-Hash (pass the key) Using impacket; Using Rubeus; Capturing and cracking Net-NTLMv1/NTLMv1 hashes; Capturing and cracking Net-NTLMv2/NTLMv2 hashes; Man-in-the-Middle attacks & relaying. Active Directory offers many ways to organize your infrastructure, as you This can be tracked back by identifying the GPOs that are using restricted groups and the OUs they are applied to. References/thanks. #> function Get-DomainSearcher {<#. Dumping Active Directory credentials locally using Mimikatz (on the DC). The Bloodhound tool written by Andy Robbins, Rohan Vazarkar, and Will can identify attack paths involving Exchange permissions configured in Active Directory. Computer Accounts & Domain Controller Silver Tickets Dumping Active Directory credentials locally using Mimikatz (on the DC). Kerberoasting; KRB_AS_REP Roasting; Pass-the-Hash; OverPass-the-Hash (pass the key) Using impacket; Using Rubeus; Capturing and cracking Net-NTLMv1/NTLMv1 hashes; Capturing and cracking Net-NTLMv2/NTLMv2 hashes; Man-in-the-Middle attacks & relaying. This project is no longer supported PowerSploit is a collection of Microsoft PowerShell modules that can be used to aid penetration testers during all phases of an assessment. P-Kerberoasting. Active Directory Recon is the new hotness since attackers, Red Teamers, and penetration testers have realized that control of Active Directory provides power over the organization. Harmj0y has some insight on getting past NTDS.dit file corruption when attempting to dump AD credentials. For example, a company can have a root domain called contoso.local, and then subdomains for different (usually big) departments, like it.contoso.local or sales.contoso.local.. This is very common attack in red team engagements since it doesnt require any interaction with the service as legitimate active directory access can be used to request and export the service ticket which can be cracked offline in Often service accounts are members of Domain Admins (or equivalent) or a Domain Admin was recently logged on to the computer an attacker dump credentials from. Dumping Active Directory credentials locally using Mimikatz (on the DC). BloodHound uses graph theory to reveal the hidden and often unintended relationships within an Active Directory environment. Harmj0y has been an instrumental figure in the industry and has developed and contributed to many of the most widely used and well-regarded AD security tools such as the PowerSploit framework (including PowerView), the PowerShell Empire Project, the Rubeus toolkit for attacking Kerberos, BloodHound/SharpHound, and more. Computer Accounts & Domain Controller Silver Tickets Kerberoast/Kerberoasting: Attack & Detection; Targeted Kerberoasting Kerberoasting without Mimikatz Roasting AS-REPs (Harmj0y) S4U2Pwnage Oracle AD attribute contains hashed version of AD account (user/computer) password . Description: The purpose is to ensure that the password of admin accounts cannot be retrieved using the kerberoast attack. If a user has privileges to access MSSQL instances, he could be able to use it to execute commands in the MSSQL host (if running as SA), steal the NetNTLM hash or even perform a relay attack.Also, if a MSSQL instance is trusted (database link) by a different MSSQL instance. Active Directory Recon is the new hotness since attackers, Red Teamers, and penetration testers have realized that control of Active Directory provides power over the organization. MS08-068 NTLM reflection; SMB Signing Disabled and IPv4; SMB Signing Disabled Kerberos Constrained Delegation. Harmj0y has some insight on getting past NTDS.dit file corruption when attempting to dump AD credentials. Group Policy provides the ability, via Restricted Groups, to enforce local group membership such as the Administrators groups on all computers in an OU. ). P-Kerberoasting. Table of Contents: Overview Dedication A Word of Warning! Rubeus is a C# toolset for raw Kerberos interaction and abuses. Kerberoasting-> Executes Invoke-Kerberoast in a new window and stores the hashes for later cracking; PowerSQL-> SQL Server discovery, Check access with current user, Audit for default credentials + UNCPath Injection Attacks; Sharphound-> Bloodhound 3.0 Report; Adidnsmenu-> Create Active Directory-Integrated DNS Nodes or remove them This project is no longer supported PowerSploit is a collection of Microsoft PowerShell modules that can be used to aid penetration testers during all phases of an assessment. This can be tracked back by identifying the GPOs that are using restricted groups and the OUs they are applied to. Attackers can use BloodHound to easily identify highly complex attack paths that would otherwise be impossible to quickly identify. For example, a company can have a root domain called contoso.local, and then subdomains for different (usually big) departments, like it.contoso.local or sales.contoso.local.. Introduction Kerberoasting can be an effective method for extracting service account credentials from Active Directory as a regular user without sending any packets to the target system. Using a DNS name is very useful, since it allows to create subdomains for management purposes. Description: The purpose is to ensure that the password of admin accounts cannot be retrieved using the kerberoast attack. Check out our whitepaper Certified Pre-Owned: Abusing Active Directory Certificate Services for complete details. Kerberoast/Kerberoasting: Attack & Detection; Targeted Kerberoasting Kerberoasting without Mimikatz Roasting AS-REPs (Harmj0y) S4U2Pwnage Oracle AD attribute contains hashed version of AD account (user/computer) password . The best mitigation for a Kerberoasting attack is to ensure the password for service account is long and complex with regular rotation. Forged Kerberos Tickets. It is heavily adapted from Benjamin Delpy's Kekeo project (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license) and Vincent LE TOUX's MakeMeEnterpriseAdmin project (GPL v3.0 license). For example, a company can have a root domain called contoso.local, and then subdomains for different (usually big) departments, like it.contoso.local or sales.contoso.local.. Description: The purpose is to ensure that the password of admin accounts cannot be retrieved using the kerberoast attack. The process of cracking Kerberos service tickets and rewriting them in order to gain access to the targeted service is called Kerberoast. Description: The purpose is to ensure that the password of admin accounts cannot be retrieved using the kerberoast attack. Using a DNS name is very useful, since it allows to create subdomains for management purposes. Description: The purpose is to ensure that the password of admin accounts cannot be retrieved using the kerberoast attack. PowerView has incorporated this functionality (@HarmJ0y beat me to it! PowerView has incorporated this functionality (@HarmJ0y beat me to it! Technical explanation: To access a service using kerberos, a user does request a ticket (named TGS) to the DC specific to the service. The Bloodhound tool written by Andy Robbins, Rohan Vazarkar, and Will can identify attack paths involving Exchange permissions configured in Active Directory. Often service accounts are members of Domain Admins (or equivalent) or a Domain Admin was recently logged on to the computer an attacker dump credentials from. TL;DR Active Directory Certificate Services has a lot of attack potential! Kerberos Unconstrained Delegation. Harmj0y has been an instrumental figure in the industry and has developed and contributed to many of the most widely used and well-regarded AD security tools such as the PowerSploit framework (including PowerView), the PowerShell Empire Project, the Rubeus toolkit for attacking Kerberos, BloodHound/SharpHound, and more. Kerberoasting is an attack that was discovered by Tim Medin in 2014, it allows a normal user in a Microsoft Windows Active Directory environment to be able to retrieve the hash for a service account in the same Active Directory environment. References/thanks. P-Kerberoasting. #> function Get-DomainSearcher {<#. Author: Will Schroeder (@harmj0y) History of Kerberoasting. SYNOPSIS: Helper used by various functions that builds a custom AD searcher object. Your codespace will open once ready. Forged Kerberos Tickets. History of Kerberoasting. Check out our whitepaper Certified Pre-Owned: Abusing Active Directory Certificate Services for complete details. Group Policy provides the ability, via Restricted Groups, to enforce local group membership such as the Administrators groups on all computers in an OU. P-Kerberoasting. Kerberoasting-> Executes Invoke-Kerberoast in a new window and stores the hashes for later cracking; PowerSQL-> SQL Server discovery, Check access with current user, Audit for default credentials + UNCPath Injection Attacks; Sharphound-> Bloodhound 3.0 Report; Adidnsmenu-> Create Active Directory-Integrated DNS Nodes or remove them History of Kerberoasting. Using Group Managed Service Accounts is an effective way to enforce these constrains. Were also presenting this material at Black Hat USA 2021. There was a problem preparing your codespace, please try again. Were also presenting this material at Black Hat USA 2021. Full credit goes to Benjamin and Vincent for working out the hard components of weaponization- without their prior work this project would References/thanks. Section 1: General Course Information Section 2: Getting Comfortable with Kali Linux Section 3: Linux Command Line Kung-Fu Section 4: Essential Tools in Kali Section 5: Getting Started with Bash Scripting Section 6: Passive Reconnaissance Section 7: Active Reconnaissance Section 8: Vulnerability P-Kerberoasting. Computer Accounts & Domain Controller Silver Tickets Technical explanation: To access a service using kerberos, a user does request a ticket (named TGS) to the DC specific to the service. Kerberoasting: Requesting RC4 Encrypted TGS when AES is Enabled. Kerberos Unconstrained Delegation. BloodHound is developed by @_wald0, @CptJesus, and @harmj0y. Targeted Kerberoasting (Harmj0y) Kerberoasting without Mimikatz (Harmj0y) Roasting AS REPs (Harmj0y) Sean Metcalfs Presentations on Active Directory Security; Kerberoast (GitHub) Tim Medins DerbyCon Attacking Microsoft Kerberos Kicking the Guard Dog of Hades presentation in 2014 (slides & video). This attack is effective since people tend to create poor passwords. SYNOPSIS: Helper used by various functions that builds a custom AD searcher object. P-Kerberoasting. Technical Explanation: To access a service using Kerberos, a user requests a ticket (named TGS) to the DC specific to the service. Kerberoasting; KRB_AS_REP Roasting; Pass-the-Hash; OverPass-the-Hash (pass the key) Using impacket; Using Rubeus; Capturing and cracking Net-NTLMv1/NTLMv1 hashes; Capturing and cracking Net-NTLMv2/NTLMv2 hashes; Man-in-the-Middle attacks & relaying. The process of cracking Kerberos service tickets and rewriting them in order to gain access to the targeted service is called Kerberoast. Full credit goes to Benjamin and Vincent for working out the hard components of weaponization- without their prior work this project would It is heavily adapted from Benjamin Delpy's Kekeo project (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license) and Vincent LE TOUX's MakeMeEnterpriseAdmin project (GPL v3.0 license). BloodHound is developed by @_wald0, @CptJesus, and @harmj0y. Technical Explanation: To access a service using Kerberos, a user requests a ticket (named TGS) to the DC specific to the service. The process of cracking Kerberos service tickets and rewriting them in order to gain access to the targeted service is called Kerberoast. MS08-068 NTLM reflection; SMB Signing Disabled and IPv4; SMB Signing Disabled Author: Will Schroeder (@harmj0y) License: BSD 3-Clause: Required Dependencies: None: Note: the primary method of use will be Invoke-Kerberoast with: various targeting options. Technical explanation: To access a service using kerberos, a user does request a ticket (named TGS) to the DC specific to the service. Rubeus is a C# toolset for raw Kerberos interaction and abuses. Active Directory offers many ways to organize your infrastructure, as you Technical Explanation: To access a service using Kerberos, a user requests a ticket (named TGS) to the DC specific to the service. #> function Get-DomainSearcher {<#. Introduction Kerberoasting can be an effective method for extracting service account credentials from Active Directory as a regular user without sending any packets to the target system.
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